Fast dissolving drug delivery system

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1 Fast Dissolving Drug Delivery Systems

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Fast Dissolving Drug Delivery Systems

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Introduction:

Despite of tremendous advancements in drug delivery, the oral route remains the perfect route for the administration of therapeutic agents because the low cost of therapy and ease of administration lead to high levels of patient compliance. Many pharmaceutical dosages are administered in the form of pills, granules, powders, and liquids. Generally, a pill design is for swallowing intact or chewing to deliver a precise dosage of medication to patients. Many patients find it difficult to swallow tablets and hard gelatin capsules and do not take their medicines as prescribed. This difficulty is particularly experienced by pediatrics and geriatrics patients, but this also applies to the patients who are ill in bed or traveling. Other groups that may experience problems using conventional oral dosage form include the mentally ill, developmentally disable and patients who are uncooperative.

In order to assist these patients, several fast-dissolving drug delivery systems have been developed.

A solid dosage form that dissolve or disintegrates rapidly in oral cavity, resulting in solution or suspension without the need of water is known as fast dispersing dosage form or mouth dissolving tablets. When this type of tablet is placed into the mouth, the saliva will serve to rapidly dissolve the tablet.

Fast dissolving drug delivery systems can be achieved by various conventional methods like direct compression, wet granulation, moulding, spray drying, freeze drying, sublimation. Fast dissolving tablets disintegrate and/or dissolve rapidly in the saliva without the need for water. Some tablets are designed to dissolve in saliva remarkably fast, within a few seconds, and are true fast-dissolving tablets. Others contain agents to enhance the rate of tablet disintegration in the oral cavity, and are more appropriately termed fast-disintegrating tablets, as they may take up to a minute to completely disintegrate. When put on tongue, this tablet disintegrates instantaneously, releasing the drug, which dissolves or disperses in the saliva. Some drugs are absorbed from the mouth, pharynx and oesophagus as the saliva passes down into the stomach. In such cases, bioavailability of drug is significantly greater than those observed from conventional tablet dosage form. In order to allow fast dissolving tablets to dissolve in the mouth, they are made of either very porous or soft- moulded matrices or compressed into tablets with very low compression force, which makes the tablets friable and/or brittle, which are difficult to handle, often requiring specialized peel-off blister packaging.

Mouth dissolving tablets are also known as fast dissolving, rapid 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rapimelt, fast melts, porous tablets, EFVDAS or Effervescent Drug Absorption system (Elan Corporation), Orosolv (Cima Labs Inc., USA), Zydis (R.P.Scherer, UK) etc.

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Advantages of Mouth dissolving tablets

1. Improved patient compliance 2. Rapid onset of action and may offer an improved bioavailability. 3. Patient having difficulty in swallowing tablet can easily administer this type of dosage form 4. Useful fro pediatric, geriatric and psychiatric patients 5. Suitable during traveling where water is may not be available 6. Gives accurate dosing as compared to liquids 7. Good chemical stability. 8. Free of need of measuring, an essential drawback in liquids.

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Salient Features of Fast Dissolving Drug Delivery System

1. Ease of administration for patients who are mentally ill, disabled and uncooperative. 2. Requires no water 3. Quick disintegration and dissolution of the dosage form. 4. Overcomes unacceptable taste of the drugs. 5. Can be designed to leave minimal or no residue in the mouth after administration and also to provide a pleasant mouth feel. 6. Allows high drug loading. 7. Ability to provide advantages of liquid medication in the form of solid preparation. 8. Adaptable and ameanable to existing processing and packaging machinery 9. Cost- effective

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Characteristics of Fast Dissolving Delivery Systems

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Fast dissolving drug delivery system

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